ABSTRACT
Introduction: Endodontic treatment of young permanent teeth with incomplete root formation and necrotic pulp has been a challenge for the dentist. It is necessary to induce the formation of apical barrier (apical plug), enabling the complete root canal filling. Objective: This retrospective clinical study compared the protocols for treatment of teeth with incomplete root formation, using calcium hydroxide (CH) or mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). Material and methods: 28 patients with incomplete root formation have undergone root canal treatments in the period from 2000 to 2009 were selected. The procedures for cleaning, shaping and intracanal medication (CH paste) were performed in a standardized manner. In 13 patients, after using the CH paste (14 days), apical plugs with MTA were made. In the remaining 15 teeth monthly exchanges with CH paste were executed until it was observed radiographically the formation of the apical barrier. In all cases the canals were filled conventionally with gutta-percha and sealer. Initially, follow-ups were made on a quarterly and semiannually at the end of first year. Results: All apical lesions showed apical healing between 4 and 13 months after starting treatment. There was not noted the continuing process of root formation. Conclusion: It was concluded that the treatment of teeth with incomplete root formation and necrotic pulp with the use of MTA as apical plug has the same clinical results compared with the use of CH, with the advantage of less clinical time.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: To analyze the pH increase at the external root surface after the use of different calcium hydroxide pastes (Calen, calcium hydroxide associated with 2% chlorhexidine gel, calcium hydroxide associated with saline) with and without EDTA as chelating agent before the topical application of the intracanal medication. Material and methods: One-hundred single-rooted extracted teeth were cleaned and shaped. They were randomly divided into six experimental groups (n = 15) and one control group (n = 10), according to the medication to be used. The teeth were kept immersed in saline solution and the pH measurements were weekly verified with the aid of a pH meter. Results: It was verified the pH increasing at the first week in almost all groups. Only the groups in which Ca(OH)2 was associated with 2% chlorhexidine gel exhibited a significant evolution in the pH increasing over time (p = 0.0116). The use of EDTA did not result in higher pH values (p = 0.2278). Conclusion: i) the pH increased in all associations used; ii) 2% chlorhexidine gel allowed the gradual pH increasing over time; iii) the smear layer removal did not influence on the pH increasing.
ABSTRACT
Introdução e objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a deste estudo foi determinar a capacidade de preenchimento de canais radiculares com guta-percha por meio de três diferentes técnicas de obturação endodôntica. Material e métodos: Utilizaram-se 60 dentes unirradiculados, os quais foram limpos, modelados e divididos aleatoriamente em três grupos. Recorreuse a três técnicas distintas de obturação para cada grupo de estudo: grupo I condensação lateral; grupo II compressão hidráulica; grupo III híbrida de Tagger. Todos os procedimentos foram executados por dois operadores calibrados em momento anterior. Após os procedimentos de obturação, seccionaram-se os espécimes transversalmente em quatro medidas a partir do ápice radicular (3 mm, 6 mm, 9 mm e 12 mm), com auxílio de disco de diamante montado em IsoMet®, sob intensa refrigeração e baixa rotação. Esses cortes foram incluídos em resina plástica e lixados, e as imagens dos canais radiculares capturadas e analisadas com auxílio do programa Image Tool 3.0. Mensuraram-se as áreas dos canais radiculares e de toda a massa de guta-percha presente no interior do canal radicular, a fim de obter a porcentagem de preenchimento do canal radicular com material guta-percha para cada corte. Resultados: Os resultados foram tabulados e avaliados por intermédio do programa GMC 10.0 (Kruskal-Wallis). A análise dos resultados evidenciou que a técnica híbrida de Tagger (95,1%) foi superior às demais na capacidade de preenchimento do canal radicular com guta-percha, seguida das técnicas da compressão hidráulica (89,1%) e da condensação lateral (70,6%). Os resultados mostraram-se diferentes estatisticamente entre as técnicas empregadas (p < 0,01) para todos os cortes obtidos. Quanto às análises intragrupos, notou-se diferença estatística significante apenas no grupo I (p < 0,01), porém os cortes executados em 6 mm e 9 mm foram iguais (p > 0,05). Conclusão: Das técnicas de obturação de canais radiculares testadas, a híbrida de Tagger possui a maior capacidade de preenchimento do sistema de canais radiculares com guta-percha. Depois vêm as técnicas da compressão hidráulica e da condensação lateral
Introduction and objective: The aim of this study was to determine gutta-percha's root canal filling capacity through three different filling techniques. Material and methods: Sixty single-rooted human teeth were cleaned, shaped and randomly divided according to the filling technique: Group I: Lateral condensation; Group II: Hydraulic compression; Group III: Tagger's hybrid. All procedures were performed by two previously calibrated operators. The teeth were transversely sectioned into four cuts, starting from the root apex (at 3 mm, 6 mm, 9 mm, and 12 mm), by using an Isomet diamond blade (wafering blade, series 15 high concentration, 5 inch blade, Buehler Ltd., Lake Bluff, IL, USA), mounted in an IsoMet® Low Speed Saw (Buehler Ltd., Lake Bluff, IL, USA), and water as a cooling medium. Each group's cut was embedded in acrylic resin and polished. Root canal images were captured and then analysed by Image Tool 3.0 software (Department of Dental Diagnostic Science, University of Texas, Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas). Measurements of root canal overall area and gutta-percha-filled area were executed, therefore, obtaining the percentage of gutta-percha's root canal filling capacity for each slice. Results: Data were analyzed by GMC software 10.0 and Kruskal-Wallis test. Tagger's hybrid technique (95.1%) was superior to the other two techniques, followed by Hydraulic compression (89.1%) and lateral condensation (70.6%). The results were statistically different among the three techniques, for all cuts (p < 0.01). Intra-group analyses showed statistically significant differences only in Group I (p < 0.01). However, slices obtained at 6 mm and 9 mm were statistically equal (p > 0.05). Conclusion: These results suggest that Tagger's hybrid technique may yield better root canal filling capacity than Hydraulic compression and lateral condensation technique, which showed the worst filling capacity of all the three techniques employed